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Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh (Serer proper : Maysa Waali Maane,〔Gravrand, Henry, "La Civilisation Sereer – Pangool", vol.2, Les Nouvelles Editions Africaines du Senegal, (1990), p 484, ISBN 2-7236-1055-1〕 many variations : Maysa Waaly Dione,〔Gravrand, Henry, "La Civilisation Sereer – ''Pangool''", vol.2, Les Nouvelles Editions Africaines du Senegal, (1990), P 344, ISBN 2-7236-1055-1〕 Maïssa Wali Dione,〔Sarr, Alioune, "Histoire du Sine-Saloum", (Sénégal), Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. Version légèrement remaniée par rapport à celle qui est parue en 1986-87. p 19〕 Maysa Wali Jon, Maissa Waly Mané,〔Diouf, Niokhobaye, "Chronique du royaume du Sine", suivie de Notes sur les traditions orales et les sources écrites concernant le royaume du Sine. p 3-4 (p 703-5)〕 etc.) was a king described in the oral tradition of the Serer pre-colonial Kingdom of Sine and the first of the Guelowar maternal dynasty to rule in . He reigned as Maad a Sinig (''king of Sine'') from c. 1350 to 1370.〔 ==History== In Serer oral tradition, Maysa Wali was a member of the Guelowar family who had escaped Kaabu with some members of his family after their defeat at the Battle of Troubang (1335) by the powerful Ñaanco maternal dynasty of Kaabu.〔 Oral history describes this as a dynastic war between the two powerful royal houses of Kaabu, the House of Guelowar and the House of Ñaanco. Many members of the Guelowar family were massacred in that battle. After their defeat, those members of the Guelowar who had survived the massacre headed to the Serer pre-colonial Kingdom of Sine where they were granted asylum by the Serer nobility – the Great Council of Lamanes. In reporting this tradition, Henry Gravrand did not notice that this is actually a description of the 1867 (or 1865) Battle of Kansala although the departure of the Guelowar can probably be explained by a war or a conflict of succession.〔Sarr, Alioune, ''Histoire du Sine-Saloum (Sénégal)'' Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. 1986-87, p 19〕 Whatever the reason, they apparently left Kaabu around 1335.〔 After serving this Council for fifteen years as legal advisor, Maysa Wali gained the trust and confidence of the Council and the Serer people of Sine, and was nominated, elected and crowned king of Sine. As a result of his election, Maysa Wali became the first Guelowar to be appointed Maad a Sinig. His sisters and nieces who had escaped Kaabu with him were given in marriage to the Serer nobility, thereby sealing the union between Serer-Guelowar.〔〔(Babacar Sédikh Diouf) () Ngom, Biram "La question Gelwaar et l’histoire du Siin", Dakar, Université de Dakar, 1987, p 69〕〔Gravrand, Henry, La Civilisation Sereer – Cosaan, Les origines, pp 295–6. Nouvelles Editions africaines, 1983. ISBN 2-7236-0877-8〕 As a result of these royal marriages, the old Serer paternal dynasties survived but the ''Wagadou'' maternal dynasty (''Bagadou'' in Serer language), collapsed. The Wagadous were princesses from the Ghana Empire who had married into the Serer royal families i.e. the Joof family, Faye family, Ngom family, etc.〔Phillips, Lucie Colvin, "Historical dictionary of Senegal", Scarecrow Press, 1981, pp 52–71 ISBN 0-8108-1369-6〕〔Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, Bulletin de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire, Volume 38. IFAN, 1976. pp 557–504〕 After the demise of the Wagadous, they were replaced by the Guelowars. The Serer dynasties survived until 1969 when the last king of Sine and Saloum died.〔Sheridan, Michael J., & Nyamweru, Celia, ""African sacred groves: ecological dynamics & social change, James Currey, 2008, p. 141 ISBN 0-8214-1789-4〕〔Klein, Martin A, "Islam and Imperialism in Senegal : Sine-Saloum", 1847–1914, Edinburgh University Press (1968), p. XV,〕 Although many of the Serer nobility and common people supported the election of Maysa Wali, not every member of the Serer establishment were in support of his election. In this regard, Lamane Pangha Yaya Sarr, according to Serer tradition, stood out as one of the fervent opponent to Maysa Wali's election. According to the tradition, the Lamane viewed Maysa Wali as a foreign prince who did not have a Serer mother or father. In spite of Maysa Wali's long service to the noble Council, assimilation to , his adherence to religion with even his own Pangool,〔 Maysa Wali's reign was marred by a small section of Serer society in opposition to his reign. The name ''Dione'' or ''Jon'' is even believed by some to be a derogatory〔In old Serer, depending on context, ''Jon'' could also mean slave.〕 reference to his long reign (20 years), used by his successors who were eager for him to abdicate so they could succeed to the throne.〔 The result of that was, the Guelowar women married Serer men and the offspring of these marriages ruled the kingdoms of Sine and Saloum. After Maysa Wali's reign, none of his direct descendants ruled the Serer kingdoms. The children of the Serer men and Guelowar women became Serers with loyalty to the Serer kingdoms, Serer religion, Serer people and culture, and all ties with Kaabu were severed.〔〔 Other sources also suggests that, Maysa Wali was once married to the Serer princess Lingeer Fatim Beye (of Sine).〔 Lingeer Fatim Beye is the matriarch of the Joos Maternal Dynasty.〔 This Serer dynasty was established in Waalo by her granddaughter Lingeer Ndoye Demba in the later half of the 14th century. Maysa Wali was not the paternal grandfather of Lingeer Ndoye Demba, which suggests Lingeer Fatim Beye's marriage to Maysa Wali was either a first marriage which ended in divorce, or most probably, per , a second marriage after being made a widow. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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